Question 1

Which one of the following is the first Plan Vivo certified Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project in India?

Accepted Answer

ICFRE-ICIMOD Transboundary REDD+ project in North-Eastern Himalayas. * Khasi Hills Community REDD+ project: Located in Meghalaya, this community-based ecosystem initiative actively involves local indigenous communities in forest conservation, restoration, and sustainable livelihoods. * It became the first REDD+ project in India to receive formal certification under the international Plan Vivo Standard.

Question 2

Which organization has enacted the Nature Restoration Law (NRL) to tackle climate change and biodiversity loss?

Accepted Answer

The European Union. * (a) The European Union is correct: The European Union officially enacted the continent-wide Nature Restoration Law, which came into force in August 2024. * The law establishes legally binding targets requiring member states to restore at least 20% of the EU's degraded land and sea areas by 2030, and all ecosystems in need of recovery by 2050.

Question 3

One of the following regions has the world's largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and the possible destruction of which can exert detrimental effect on the global climate.

Which one of the following denotes that region?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Basin. * (b) Congo Basin is correct: According to environmental assessments released by the UNEP, the peat swamp forests of the Congo Basin house the world's largest contiguous tropical peatland system. This unique ecosystem sequester and stores roughly 29 billion tons of carbon—an immense amount equivalent to three years' worth of global greenhouse gas emissions, making its preservation vital for global climate stability.

Question 4

The organisms "Cicada, Froghopper and Pond skater" are:

Accepted Answer

Fish. * (c) Insects is correct: All three specified organisms are invertebrates belonging to the insect class. * Cicadas are robust-bodied hemipteran insects famous for spending extended multi-year life stages feeding underground before emerging to molt and mate. * Froghoppers are jumping, plant-sucking insects whose larvae build frothy foam shelters on stalks. * Pond skaters are specialized predatory water bugs configured to slide rapidly across water surfaces to prey on falling organisms.

Question 5

Which one of the following is the correct description of "100 Million Farmers"?

Accepted Answer

It is a platform for accelerating the transition towards food and water systems that are net-zero (carbon), nature-positive and that aims to increase farmer resilience.. * (a) is correct: "100 Million Farmers" is a global multi-stakeholder platform launched under the aegis of the World Economic Forum (WEF). It brings together public and private sector leaders to position food producers at the center of the global ecological agenda, accelerating collective action to transition toward climate-smart, nature-positive, net-zero carbon agricultural practices while building farmer resilience.

Question 6

Which one of the following shows a unique relationship with an insect that has coevolved with it and that is the only insect that can pollinate this tree?

Accepted Answer

Fig. * (a) Fig is correct: Fig trees exhibit an absolute, obligate mutualistic relationship with their unique pollinator wasp species. This tightly coevolved relationship ensures that a specific species of fig can only be pollinated by its specific partner wasp, which enters the internal inflorescence to lay eggs, receiving developing seeds as food for its larvae in return.

Question 7

"Membrane Bioreactors" are often discussed in the context of:

Accepted Answer

Vaccine production technologies. * (d) Wastewater treatment technologies is correct: A Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is an advanced wastewater treatment system that combines a biological activated sludge process with microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane separation technology. Its sub-micron pore filtration layout screens out microscopic particulate matter and pathogens, producing a highly clarified, high-quality treated effluent.

Question 8

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which one of the following is the largest source of sulphur dioxide emissions?

Accepted Answer

Extraction of metals from ores. * (d) Power plants using fossil fuels is correct: According to data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the single largest source of sulphur dioxide ($SO_2$) emissions in the atmosphere is the combustion of fossil fuels by electrical power plants and large industrial boiler facilities. Smaller contributing sources include industrial metal ore extraction processing, volcanic activity, and heavy maritime or locomotive transit vehicles.

Environment: Direct Conceptual / Factual MCQ PYQ.

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