UPSC Prelims previous year questions on Welfare & Social Indicators (Indian Economy) — real questions with answers and explanations.
4 questions · sorted by year
2026Multi-statement (Traditional Style)Welfare & Social Indicators
Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):
1. MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.
2. MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.
3. Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A.1 and 2 only
B.1, 2 and 3
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 only
Explanation: * Statement 1 is correct: Both the Global MPI (UNDP-OPHI) and NITI Aayog's National MPI rely on the Alkire-Foster mathematical methodology to identify and count overlapping deprivations. * Statement 2 is correct: NITI Aayog's National MPI tracks 12 distinct indicators under the three dimensions of Health, Education, and Standard of Living. * Statement 3 is incorrect: The "Bank Account" and "Maternal Health (ANC)" indicators are specific features added to NITI Aayog's national framework to suit India's context; they are not part of the 10 indicators used in the global UNDP MPI.
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📌 Poverty and InequalityRelevance 95%
2025Multi-statement (Traditional Style)Welfare & Social Indicators
Consider the following statements about the Rashtriya Gokul Mission:
I. It is important for the upliftment of rural poor as majority of low producing indigenous animals are with small and marginal farmers and landless labourers.
II. It was initiated to promote indigenous cattle and buffalo rearing and conservation in scientific and holistic manner.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A.I only
B.II only
C.Both I and II
D.Neither I nor II
Explanation: * The Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM) is being implemented for development and conservation of indigenous bovine breeds. * The scheme is crucial for the upliftment of the rural poor, as more than 80% of low-producing indigenous animals are with small and marginal farmers and landless labourers. * One of its primary objectives is to promote indigenous cattle & buffalo rearing and conservation in a scientific and holistic manner.
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📌 Core Agriculture and Allied SectorsRelevance 40%
2024Direct Conceptual / Factual MCQWelfare & Social Indicators
The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:
A.the number of children born per 1000 people in the population in a year.
B.the number of children born to a couple in their lifetime in a given population.
C.the birth rate minus death rate.
D.the average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing age.
Explanation: * (d) is correct: Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is defined as the average number of live births a woman would have over her lifetime if she survived to the end of her reproductive child-bearing years and experienced current age-specific fertility rates. A TFR score of 2.1 is generally known as replacement-level fertility.
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📌 Population and Demographic DividendRelevance 100%
2024Multi-statement (Traditional Style)Welfare & Social Indicators
With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) Yojana, consider the following statements:
1. The entry age group for enrolment in the scheme is 21 to 40 years.
2. Age specific contribution shall be made by the beneficiary.
3. Each subscriber under the scheme shall receive a minimum pension of ₹ 3,000 per month after attaining the age of 60 years.
4. Family pension is applicable to the spouse and unmarried daughters.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A.1, 3 and 4
B.2 and 3 only
C.2 only
D.1, 2 and 4
Explanation: * Statement 1 is incorrect: To be eligible for the PM-SYM pension scheme, an unorganized sector worker must fall within the entry age bracket of 18 to 40 years, not 21 to 40 years. * Statement 2 is correct: Beneficiaries enter the voluntary scheme at different times, requiring monthly, age-specific financial contributions based on their enrollment age. * Statement 3 is correct: The central program guarantees a minimum assured pension of ₹3,000 per month once the subscriber attains 60 years of age. * Statement 4 is incorrect: Following the subscriber's demise, the family pension component is strictly applicable only to the surviving spouse (entitling them to 50% of the initial pension value), not to unmarried daughters.
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📌 Insurance in IndiaRelevance 40%
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