Question 1

Consider the following statements with regard to involvement of private entities in India's space programme:
1. The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) is an autonomous agency formed to facilitate participation of private entities.
2. Agnikul Cosmos launched the world's first flight using 3D-printed rocket engine.
3. Skyroot Aerospace has developed liquid fuel for GSLV.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. * Statement 1 is correct: IN-SPACe was set up as a single-window autonomous clearing agency under the Department of Space to facilitate, promote, and regulate private enterprise involvement in India's space sector. * Statement 2 is correct: Space startup Agnikul Cosmos successfully conducted its Agnibaan SOrTeD mission, marking the world's first sub-orbital flight powered by a single-piece, 3D-printed semi-cryogenic engine. * Statement 3 is incorrect: Skyroot Aerospace developed the Vikram-S suborbital vehicle relying entirely on solid rocket propulsion technology; they did not build liquid fuel stages for GSLV, which are handled directly by ISRO.

Question 2

Which of the following statements with regard to GenomeIndia Project is/are correct?
1. It is a part of the Human Genome Project.
2. The project is funded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India.
3. Its primary aim is to build a catalogue of genetic diversity of the Indian population.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is incorrect: The GenomeIndia Project is a completely independent, indigenous initiative; it has no formal links to the global Human Genome Project, which concluded back in 2003. * Statement 2 is correct: The initiative is fully funded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Union Ministry of Science and Technology. * Statement 3 is correct: The primary goal of the project is to sequence 10,000 human genomes from diverse ethnic and linguistic groups across India to build a comprehensive reference data repository cataloguing the subcontinent's distinct genetic diversity.

Question 3

Which of the following statements with regard to the National Quantum Mission (NQM) is/are correct?
1. It aims at developing intermediate-scale quantum computers with 50-1000 physical qubits.
2. Its implementation includes setting up of four Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) in academic and national R&D institutes across India.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The National Quantum Mission (slated for 2023–2031 with a ₹6,003.65 crore budget) targets building intermediate-scale quantum computers operating on 50–1000 physical qubits via photonic and superconducting methods. * Statement 2 is correct: The mission setup establishes four dedicated internal Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) across major national R&D labs and universities, centering on: Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing & Metrology, and Quantum Materials & Devices.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about DHRUV64 is/are correct?
1. It is the third chip fabricated under the DIR-V Programme with an overall aim to enable the creation of microprocessors for India.
2. It is India's first homegrown 1.0 GHz, 64-bit dual-core microprocessor.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 only. * Statement 1 is correct: DHRUV64 is the third major processor chip designed and taped out under the Digital India RISC-V (DIR-V) Programme, which aims to secure domestic self-reliance in microprocessor ecosystems. * Statement 2 is correct: Developed indigenously by the SHAKTI processor engineering team at IIT Madras, DHRUV64 is recognized as India's first homegrown 64-bit dual-core microprocessor capable of a 1.0 GHz clock speed.

Question 5

The Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) recently introduced a national standard to test and assess bomb disposal system. Which of the following statements with regard to this system is/are correct?
1. The new standard is known as IS 19445: 2025.
2. It will improve interoperability of equipment across agencies.
3. It was developed by TBRL, DRDO in collaboration with the 30th Central Scientific Research Institute, Russia.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The national standard introduced by the BIS for testing and evaluating bomb disposal equipment is officially designated as IS 19445:2025. * Statement 2 is correct: The standard intends to create uniform benchmarks, thereby improving the interoperability and compatibility of gear used by various counter-IED and bomb disposal units across India. * Statement 3 is incorrect: The standard was developed through a consensus process by a domestic sectional committee whose specialized panel was convened under TBRL, DRDO. There was no collaborative input from the 30th CSRI, Russia.

Question 6

Which of the following statements with regard to India's indigenous new high resolution weather model, the 'Bharat Forecast System,' is/are correct?
1. Its objective is to generate forecasts at the Panchayats cluster level.
2. It was developed by IIT Delhi.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The Bharat Forecasting System (BFS) is a newly deployed Indian high-resolution weather model configured to generate local forecasts down to a cluster of panchayats level to step up extreme weather warning accuracy. * Statement 2 is incorrect: The model was engineered and developed by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) operating under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, not by IIT Delhi.

Question 7

Which one of the following pairs of semiconductor plants in India and their locations is not correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Tata Semiconductor Assembly and Test Pvt. Ltd. : Assam. * Option (a) is correctly matched: CG Power's OSAT plant is located in Sanand, Gujarat. * Option (b) is correctly matched: Tata Semiconductor's major OSAT facility is established in Jagiroad, Assam. * Option (c) is NOT correctly matched: The proposed HCL-Foxconn joint venture chip project was structurally linked to Uttar Pradesh (launched by the Prime Minister), not Madhya Pradesh. * Option (d) is correctly matched: SicSem Pvt. Ltd. is setting up its silicon carbide semiconductor plant in Odisha.

Question 8

Consider the following statements:
I. It is expected that Majorana 1 chip will enable quantum computing.
II. Majorana 1 chip has been introduced by Amazon Web Services (AWS).
III. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Accepted Answer

II and III only. * Statement I is correct: The Majorana I chip utilizes Majorana fermions to pioneer topological quantum computing, which promises greater architectural stability and lower error rates. * Statement II is incorrect: The Majorana I quantum chip was developed and launched by Microsoft, not by Amazon Web Services (AWS). * Statement III is correct: Deep learning is a specialized subset field within machine learning that uses multi-layered artificial neural networks for complex pattern data processing.

Question 9

With reference to 'Direct Air Capture', an emerging technology, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It can be used as a way of carbon sequestration.
2. It can be a valuable approach for plastic production and in food processing.
3. In aviation, it can be a source of carbon for combining with hydrogen to create synthetic low-carbon fuel.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Accepted Answer

III only. * Statement I is correct: Direct Air Capture (DAC) extracts CO2 directly out of the ambient atmosphere, which can then be permanently sequestered in deep geological formations. * Statement II is correct: The captured atmospheric carbon can be used as an industrial chemical feedstock to manufacture carbon-based materials like plastics, and used in food processing fields (e.g., beverage carbonation or preservatives). * Statement III is correct: In aviation, DAC-captured CO2 can be combined with green hydrogen via Power-to-Liquid (PtL) processing to synthesize low-carbon e-fuels, which help decarbonize long-haul flights.

Question 10

Consider the following statements:
I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2028.
II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany.
III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.

Which of the statements given above are not correct?

Accepted Answer

I and II only. * Statement I is not correct: The National Rail Plan (NRP) prepared by Indian Railways aims to create a 'future ready' system by 2030 (aiming to increase the railway freight share to 45%), not 2028. * Statement II is not correct: Kavach is an Automatic Train Protection system developed completely indigenously by the RDSO in collaboration with the Indian industry, not with Germany. * Statement III is correct: The implementation of Kavach involves fitting Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags throughout the track length and station sections to track train positions. * Since statements I and II are incorrect, option (a) is the final answer.

Question 11

Consider the following space missions:
I. Axiom-4
II. SpaDeX
III. Gaganyaan

How many of the space missions given above encourage and support micro-gravity research?

Accepted Answer

Only two. * Mission I supports research: Axiom-4 is a private mission to the ISS that carries and supports microgravity research experiments related to materials science, medicine, and biology. * Mission II supports research: SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) is an Indian mission evaluating autonomous docking, where microgravity environmental effects are actively studied. * Mission III supports research: Gaganyaan is India's crewed spaceflight program where executing microgravity research in life sciences and space medicine is a primary objective.

Science & Technology: Current Affairs PYQ.

All Science & Technology PYQs + Similar Questions