UPSC Prelims previous year questions on Geomorphology & Volcanic Features (World Geography) — real questions with answers and explanations.
2026Current AffairsDirect Conceptual / Factual MCQGeomorphology & Volcanic Features
Tungurahua Volcano, which was declared a Global Geopark by UNESCO in 2025, is situated in which one among the following countries?
A.Ecuador
B.Peru
C.Bolivia
D.Colombia
Explanation: * Ecuador: Tungurahua, meaning "Throat of Fire" in the Quechua language, is an active stratovolcano situated in Ecuador's Eastern Andes (Cordillera Oriental), roughly 140 km south of Quito. In 2025, it was recognized as a UNESCO Global Geopark (Ecuador's second geopark after Imbabura).
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2025Multi-statement (How Many Style)Geomorphology & Volcanic Features
Consider the following countries:
I. Bolivia
II. Brazil
III. Colombia
IV. Ecuador
V. Paraguay
VI. Venezuela
Andes mountains pass through how many of the above countries?
A.Only two
B.Only three
C.Only four
D.Only five
Explanation: * (c) Only four is correct: The Andes Mountains, the world's longest continental mountain range, extend through seven South American countries. * Among the options provided, the range passes directly through: I. Bolivia, III. Colombia, IV. Ecuador, and VI. Venezuela. * The Andes range does not pass through II. Brazil or V. Paraguay.
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2024Pairs/Matching (How Many Style)Geomorphology & Volcanic Features
Consider the following information:
Region | Name of the mountain range | Type of mountain
1. Central Asia | Vosges | Fold mountain
2. Europe | Alps | Block mountain
3. North America | Appalachians | Fold mountain
4. South America | Andes | Fold mountain
In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
A.Only one
B.Only two
C.Only three
D.All four
Explanation: * Row 1 is incorrectly matched: The Vosges mountain range is a classic fault-block mountain range located in Europe, not Central Asia. * Row 2 is incorrectly matched: The Alps form a premier, Cenozoic-era young fold mountain chain in Europe, not a block mountain system. * Row 3 is correctly matched: The Appalachian Mountains in North America are an ancient, weathered fold mountain system. * Row 4 is correctly matched: The Andes represent a continuous, massive active fold mountain chain spanning South America. * Therefore, exactly two rows (3 and 4) are correctly matched.
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