Question 1

Which of the following countries are well known as the two largest cocoa producers in the world?

Accepted Answer

Botswana and Namibia. * (c) Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana is correct: Approximately 70 percent of the global supply of cocoa beans originates from West African tropical ecosystems. Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) and Ghana rank as the top two largest global producers of cocoa beans, collectively accounting for more than 50 percent of total worldwide production.

Question 2

Consider the following countries:
1. Finland
2. Germany
3. Norway
4. Russia

How many of the above countries have a border with the North Sea?

Accepted Answer

Only one. * The North Sea is an epicenter of western European maritime transit bounded by specific geographical borders. * Items 2 (Germany) and 3 (Norway) directly border the waters of the North Sea along its eastern coastlines. * Items 1 (Finland) and 4 (Russia) are located further east and border the enclosed Baltic Sea or Arctic waters, not the North Sea. * Therefore, exactly two of the listed countries border it.

Question 3

In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Only one. * Row 1 is incorrectly matched: The Vosges mountain range is a classic fault-block mountain range located in Europe, not Central Asia. * Row 2 is incorrectly matched: The Alps form a premier, Cenozoic-era young fold mountain chain in Europe, not a block mountain system. * Row 3 is correctly matched: The Appalachian Mountains in North America are an ancient, weathered fold mountain system. * Row 4 is correctly matched: The Andes represent a continuous, massive active fold mountain chain spanning South America. * Therefore, exactly two rows (3 and 4) are correctly matched.

Question 4

Consider the following pairs:
Country | Animal found in its natural habitat
1. Brazil | Indri
2. Indonesia | Elk
3. Madagascar | Bonobo

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

All three. * Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: The Indri (the largest living lemur species) is strictly endemic to the tropical rainforests of Madagascar, not Brazil. * Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: The Elk is a large terrestrial mammal within the deer family native to North America and Central/East Asia, not Indonesia. * Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: The Bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee) is an endangered great ape native exclusively to the Congo Basin within the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Central Africa, not Madagascar. * Therefore, zero pairs are correctly matched.

Question 5

Consider the following countries:
1. Italy
2. Japan
3. Nigeria
4. South Korea
5. South Africa

Which of the above countries are frequently mentioned in the media for their low birth rates, or ageing population or declining population?

Accepted Answer

1, 2 and 4. * Item 1 is included: Italy is known for its rapidly aging population, where over 23% of the demographic was older than 65 in 2019, with models predicting its population could halve by 2100. * Item 2 is included: Japan holds the world's oldest population average and faces sharp population declines from its historical peak. * Item 3 is not included: Contrary to aging trends, Nigeria has a soaring birth rate and is projected to hold one of the world's largest working-age populations by 2100. * Item 4 is included: South Korea faces a severe demographic crisis with a plunging fertility rate that hit a record low of 0.68 in 2024, threatening its welfare stability. * Item 5 is not included: South Africa does not rank among the global frontrunners frequently highlighted for structural population halving or extreme sub-replacement drops. * Therefore, countries 1, 2, and 4 are correct.

Question 6

The longest border between any two countries in the world is between:

Accepted Answer

Canada and the United States of America. * (a) Canada and the United States of America is correct: The boundary shared between Canada and the United States stretches for a total length of 8,890 km, making it the longest international border between any two countries globally. * For comparison, the Russia-Kazakhstan border is 6,846 km, the Chile-Argentina border is 5,308 km, and the India-China border runs along 3,488 km.

Question 7

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: Sumed pipeline is a strategic route for Persian Gulf oil and natural gas shipments to Europe.
Statement-II: Sumed pipeline connects the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.

Accepted Answer

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I. * (a) is correct: The SUMED (Suez-Mediterranean) pipeline serves as a critical, strategic transport corridor to move Persian Gulf crude oil and natural gas shipments northward toward markets in Europe and North America. This validates Statement I. * The SUMED pipeline is located entirely within Egypt and physically connects the Red Sea terminal with access points along the Mediterranean Sea, boasting an operational capacity of 2.5 million barrels of oil per day. This validates Statement II. * Because its geographic connection between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea (Statement II) is the precise reason why it serves as the strategic transit alternative to ship Persian Gulf oil to Europe (Statement I), Statement II provides the direct causal explanation for Statement I.

Question 8

Consider the following statements:
1. The Red Sea receives very little precipitation in any form.
2. No water enters the Red Sea from rivers.

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The geographic terrain surrounding the Red Sea experiences an extremely arid climate, resulting in exceptionally low levels of localized precipitation or rainfall in any form. * Statement 2 is incorrect: While it is factually correct that no significant or major perennial river systems drain into the Red Sea, there are various small streams, wadis, and seasonal rivulets that periodically discharge fresh water into it. Thus, stating that "no water" enters from rivers is factually inaccurate.

World Geography: 2024 PYQ.

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