Question 1

Which of the following statements with regard to stealth technology is/are correct?
1. Stealth objects have a very small radar cross-section and are coated with Radar Absorbing Material.
2. Stealth objects can be detected using specific frequencies.
3. Stealth objects are coated with metamaterials to increase the scattering of electromagnetic radiation.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. * Statement 1 is correct: Stealth technology minimizes a military platform's radar cross-section (RCS) using geometric alignment to deflect incoming radar rays alongside Radar Absorbing Material (RAM) coatings that soak up radar energy. * Statement 2 is correct: Although stealth hulls deflect standard high-frequency fire-control radars, they can still be picked up by low-frequency radar systems (such as VHF and UHF bands) whose long wavelengths interact directly with aircraft dimensions. * Statement 3 is incorrect: Metamaterials applied to stealth surfaces are specifically engineered to trap, absorb, or smoothly bend radar waves to minimize reflections; increasing scattering would heighten radar visibility and defeat the purpose of stealth.

Question 2

Which of the following statements with regard to Black Boxes used in modern aircrafts is/are correct?
1. They carry a beacon emitting red light pulses to facilitate underwater detection.
2. They record both the cockpit voice and flight data.
3. Their memory units are made using either stainless steel or titanium.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is incorrect: Flight recorders feature an Underwater Locator Beacon (ULB) that transmits ultrasonic acoustic pulses (typically at 37.5 kHz) which travel effectively through water, whereas light-based signals are useless in deep, dark ocean waters. * Statement 2 is correct: Black boxes are split into two complementary recording setups: the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) for crew cabin audio and the Flight Data Recorder (FDR) for mapping flight parameters. * Statement 3 is correct: To survive high-speed crash impact, extreme fire, and intense deep-sea pressure, their solid-state memory modules are sealed inside crash-survivable armor housings made of titanium or stainless steel.

Question 3

Which of the following statements with regard to India's Deep Ocean Mission is/are correct?
1. It was launched by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Government of India.
2. Matsya-6000 has been designed to carry 3 people for deep sea exploration.
3. Samudrayaan is a project under this mission.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is incorrect: The Deep Ocean Mission was initiated and is run by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), not the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways. * Statement 2 is correct: Matsya-6000 is a manned, deep-sea exploration vehicle engineered to dive a crew of three down to ocean floor depths of 6,000 meters. * Statement 3 is correct: Samudrayaan is India's premier flagship project under this mission, focusing on building manned deep-submergence systems through the deployment of Matsya-6000.

Question 4

The Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) recently introduced a national standard to test and assess bomb disposal system. Which of the following statements with regard to this system is/are correct?
1. The new standard is known as IS 19445: 2025.
2. It will improve interoperability of equipment across agencies.
3. It was developed by TBRL, DRDO in collaboration with the 30th Central Scientific Research Institute, Russia.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

2 and 3 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The national standard introduced by the BIS for testing and evaluating bomb disposal equipment is officially designated as IS 19445:2025. * Statement 2 is correct: The standard intends to create uniform benchmarks, thereby improving the interoperability and compatibility of gear used by various counter-IED and bomb disposal units across India. * Statement 3 is incorrect: The standard was developed through a consensus process by a domestic sectional committee whose specialized panel was convened under TBRL, DRDO. There was no collaborative input from the 30th CSRI, Russia.

Question 5

Which of the following statements with regard to India's indigenous new high resolution weather model, the 'Bharat Forecast System,' is/are correct?
1. Its objective is to generate forecasts at the Panchayats cluster level.
2. It was developed by IIT Delhi.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

1 only. * Statement 1 is correct: The Bharat Forecasting System (BFS) is a newly deployed Indian high-resolution weather model configured to generate local forecasts down to a cluster of panchayats level to step up extreme weather warning accuracy. * Statement 2 is incorrect: The model was engineered and developed by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) operating under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, not by IIT Delhi.

Question 6

GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation.
Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN?
I. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity.
II. It will allow more uniform and high quality air traffic management.
III. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation.

Accepted Answer

I only. * Statement I is correct: GAGAN is designed to enhance the accuracy and integrity of GPS signals over the Indian airspace, improving positioning accuracy to 1-2 meters. * Statement II is correct: GAGAN improves navigation reliability, allowing for more uniform and efficient air traffic management. * Statement III is not correct: Although developed primarily for aviation, GAGAN also benefits other sectors like railways, road transport, maritime navigation, agriculture, and disaster management.

Question 7

Consider the following statements:
I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2028.
II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany.
III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.

Which of the statements given above are not correct?

Accepted Answer

I and II only. * Statement I is not correct: The National Rail Plan (NRP) prepared by Indian Railways aims to create a 'future ready' system by 2030 (aiming to increase the railway freight share to 45%), not 2028. * Statement II is not correct: Kavach is an Automatic Train Protection system developed completely indigenously by the RDSO in collaboration with the Indian industry, not with Germany. * Statement III is correct: The implementation of Kavach involves fitting Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags throughout the track length and station sections to track train positions. * Since statements I and II are incorrect, option (a) is the final answer.

Question 8

Consider the following activities:
1. Tracking the migration of animals
2. Identification of narcotics on passengers at airports or in aircraft
3. Monitoring of precipitation

In how many of the above activities can the radars be used?

Accepted Answer

Only one. * Activity 1 is incorrect: Conventional airport security checkpoints utilize X-ray transmission systems, millimeter-wave scanners, or chemical trace detectors to uncover narcotics and hidden materials on passengers, rather than standard long-wave radar trackers. * Activity 2 is correct: Specialized Doppler weather radars are widely deployed by meteorological departments to monitor precipitation density, map storms, and track rainfall patterns. * Activity 3 is correct: Radar systems are valuable tools used by wildlife researchers to map, track, and examine the migration speeds, flight altitudes, and velocities of flocks of birds or animals across distances. * Therefore, radars are used in exactly two activities.

Science & Technology: Defense & Aerospace PYQ.

All Science & Technology PYQs + Similar Questions