UPSC Prelims International Relations previous year questions in the "Direct Conceptual / Factual MCQ" question pattern — real questions with answers and explanations.
2025Current AffairsDirect Conceptual / Factual MCQClimate Accords & Governance
Which one of the following launched the 'Nature Solutions Finance Hub for Asia and the Pacific'?
A.The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
B.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
C.The New Development Bank (NDB)
D.The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
Explanation: * (a) The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is correct: The ADB officially launched the Nature Solutions Finance Hub for Asia and the Pacific at the COP28 conference. * The hub aims to channel at least $2 billion into development programs that integrate nature-based solutions, utilizing risk-reduction tools like blended finance, guarantees, and impact-linked payments to crowd in private capital.
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2025Direct Conceptual / Factual MCQBilateral Relations & Policy
India is one of the founding members of the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), a multimodal transportation corridor, which will connect:
A.India to Central Asia to Europe via Iran
B.India to Central Asia via China
C.India to South-East Asia through Bangladesh and Myanmar
D.India to Europe through Azerbaijan
Explanation: * (a) is correct: The International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a multi-modal transport network established by India, Iran, and Russia in 2000. * It is designed to link India to Central Asia and onward to Northern and Western Europe, primarily routing through transit tracks in Iran, making it highly cost and time-effective.
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2024Current AffairsDirect Conceptual / Factual MCQBilateral Relations & Policy
Who of the following is the author of the books "The India Way" and "Why Bharat Matters"?
A.Bhupender Yadav
B.Nalin Mehta
C.Shashi Tharoor
D.Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
Explanation: * (d) Subrahmanyam Jaishankar is correct: Both "The India Way: Strategies for an Uncertain World" and "Why Bharat Matters" (published in 2024) are non-fictional works authored by Dr. S. Jaishankar. Writing from his vantage perspective as a career diplomat and the incumbent Minister of External Affairs, he analyzes India's contemporary foreign policy, critiquing historical strategies while emphasizing India's growing potential as a global superpower.
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