UPSC Prelims International Relations previous year questions in the "Statement-I & Statement-II (Assertion-Reason Style)" question pattern — real questions with answers and explanations.
2024Current AffairsStatement-I & Statement-II (Assertion-Reason Style)Geopolitics & Conflict Zones
Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: There is instability and worsening security situation in the Sahel region.
Statement-II: There have been military takeovers/coups d'état in several countries of the Sahel region in the recent past.
A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Explanation: * (a) is correct: The vast African Sahel strip faces severe geopolitical instability, humanitarian crises, and deteriorating security parameters. This validates Statement I. * The region has recently witnessed a succession of successful military coups d'état and unconstitutional takeovers, including multi-stage coups across Burkina Faso, Mali, and Chad since 2020. This validates Statement II. * Because the collapse of constitutional checks and the rise of armed military takeovers (Statement II) directly trigger the breakdown of public governance and exacerbate the chronic security crisis across the Sahel belt (Statement I), Statement II provides the correct explanation for Statement I.
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2024Current AffairsStatement-I & Statement-II (Assertion-Reason Style)Climate Accords & Governance
Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: The European Parliament approved The Net-Zero Industry Act recently.
Statement-II: The European Union intends to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040 and therefore aims to develop all of its own clean technology by that time.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Explanation: * Statement I is correct: The European Parliament formally adopted the Net-Zero Industry Act to bolster domestic industrial production capacities for green technologies essential to decarbonization targets. * Statement II is incorrect: Under its established European Climate Law, the European Union legally commits to achieving full climate neutrality (net-zero greenhouse gas emissions) by the year 2050, not 2040.
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2024Current AffairsStatement-I & Statement-II (Assertion-Reason Style)Geopolitics & Conflict Zones
Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: Recently, Venezuela has achieved a rapid recovery from its economic crisis and succeeded in preventing its people fleeing/emigrating to other countries.
Statement-II: Venezuela has the world's largest oil reserves.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
A.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
B.Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
C.Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
D.Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Explanation: * Statement I is incorrect: Venezuela continues to deal with a severe, deep economic crisis, political repression, and institutional decay. Far from stopping emigration, its hyperinflation and basic shortages have generated one of the largest displacement and refugee migration crises globally. * Statement II is correct: Venezuela holds the world's largest proven crude oil reserves, encompassing over 300 billion barrels and accounting for approximately 17% of the global total. Thus, option (d) is correct.
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